The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs ... and Symptoms Anaphylaxis ... Signs / Symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
Anaphylaxis is ... production of inflammatory ... Recruitment of inflammatory ... #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... -> Incr local inflammation ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
mutation) that alter inflammatory ... yrs old; F>M Signs ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... reflex) • Orbital inflammation ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #symptoms
Reactive Arthritis
 • Inflammation of joints (commonly large joints)
    - Asymmetric Oligoarthritis: Joint
Arthritis • Inflammation ... Effusions • Inflammation ... ReactiveArthritis #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
release the pro-inflammatory ... secretion • Inflammatory ... conjunctivitis • Anaphylaxis ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology ... #pathophysiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
manifestations Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Panopthalmitis: inflammation ... Endopthalmitis: inflammation ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms