The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology signs symptoms complications hypersensitivityreaction manifestations msk urology adhesivecapsulitis anaphylaxis ankylosingspondylitis benign bph cascade centralretinalartery comparison crao degenerative extraarticular frozenshoulder
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
leading to an allergic ... Sensitization" to Allergen ... release the pro-inflammatory ... secretion • Inflammatory ... #Immunology #pathophysiology
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
mediated; exposure to allergen ... Allergic reaction ... Initial exposure to allergen ... cells or CTLs -> Inflammation ... #Immunology #pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Continued Innate Immunity • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... cell activity #Inflammatory ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... pathophysiology #immunology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Mixed Urinary Incontinence ... Urgency Urinary Incontinence ... -> Overflow Incontinence ... (neurogenic), inflammation ... Symptoms #Urology #Diagnosis
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met: 1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
exposure to a likely allergen ... exposure to known allergen ... pathophysiology #immunology ... #diagnosis #signs
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease Inflammatory Joint Disease • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Distinguishing between Inflammatory ... joint disease Inflammatory ... Swollen Joints • Inflammation ... mild synovial inflammation ... JointDisease #JointPain #Diagnosis
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... : Extension of inflammatory ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... scaling that extend inflammation ... -> Incr local inflammation ... follicles due to inflammation ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
shoulder joint inflammation ... as post-inflammatory ... shoulder joint inflammation ... stop, but post-inflammatory ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Extra-articular Manifestations • Ocular - Inflammation of the iris, the anterior part of the
photophobia • GI - Inflammatory ... endoscopy (Not Inflammatory ... • Cardiac - Inflammation ... Bladder and bowel incontinence ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
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