The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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diagnosis signs complications manifestations ophthalmology ra rheumatoidarthritis adhesivecapsulitis ankylosingspondylitis benign bph cascade caudaequina causes centralretinalartery childhood comparison crao frozenshoulder gait
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Continued Innate Immunity • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease Inflammatory Joint Disease • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
and Degenerative ... Swollen Joints • Inflammation ... mild synovial inflammation ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations Skin: • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
manifestations Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
• Large lumbar degenerative ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
shoulder joint inflammation ... as post-inflammatory ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... scaling that extend inflammation ... -> Incr local inflammation ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Skeletal Pathology of the Hip • Arthritis • Congenital hip dysplasia
around the hip • Degeneration ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... : Extension of inflammatory ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Extra-articular Manifestations • Ocular - Inflammation of the iris, the anterior part of the
photophobia • GI - Inflammatory ... endoscopy (Not Inflammatory ... AnkylosingSpondylitis #Extraarticular ... Complications #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Genetics • Family history of keratoconus • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome • Down, Turner,
inhibitors • Incr Pro-inflammatory ... corneal thinning, degeneration ... Keratoconus Signs / Symptoms ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
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