The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... ligament substance leading ... ligament substance leading ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports #MSK ... #orthopedics #Grading
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Classification #Grades #Grading ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
subthreshold mechanical loading ... from continued loading ... StressFractures #msk
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
pain • Palpable grinding ... signs #symptoms #msk
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications
• 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1
•
-> Mechanical loading ... complications #msk
Spondylosis - Pathogenesis and Complications

Vertebral disease that may compress the vertebral canal from all sides
Note: Do
pathophysiology #msk
Clavicular Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Group I (69%) - Middle third (mid-shaft)
Group II (29%) - Distal
Clavicular #Fracture #Grading
Myelopathy - Injury to the entire spinal cord - Signs and Symptoms
 • Ataxia (early sign)
signs #symptoms #msk
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Follicular Phase Explained
Early Follicular Phase (Days 0-5)
 • Granulosa cells
selected to continue growing ... of androgens (leading
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Spondylolisthesis #MSK