The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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diagnosis signs symptoms pediatrics ophthalmology genetics syndrome 21hydroxylasedeficiency 21ohd bulimianervosa caudaequina childhood chronic diabetes diabetic endocrinology erythematosus hypertensive immunization lupus
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... -> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations • Immune Complex Deposition - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... Tetanus Toxin -> Spores ... lymph -> Koplik's spots ... #Immunization #peds ... #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... fractures • Short ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology ... #peds #pediatrics
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Increased metabolic demand of growing eye -> Excessive VEGF production ->
Retinopathy of Prematurity ... -> Neovascular complications ... detachment #Retinopathy ... #Prematurity #peds ... #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #peds
Paget’s Disease: Complications Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications ... Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... bone formation MSK ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
Symptoms related to complications ... Russell's Sign • Sores ... , scars, calluses ... BulimiaNervosa #pathophysiology
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