The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology diagnosis signs symptoms ophthalmology comparison lupus psychiatry retinopathy sle acute adhesivecapsulitis aids alcohol aseptic bulimianervosa caudaequina centralretinalartery chronic closedangle
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Hypertension Stage ... -> AV nicking Stage ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... signs #symptoms #complications
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): Summary of Causes and Ocular Manifestations • Molluscum lesions • Eyelid Kaposi
AIDS): Summary of Causes ... • Cotton wool spots ... #AIDS #Ocular #Complications
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications • 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1 •
Pathogenesis and Complications ... happen at C6/7 Aging ... DiscHerniations #complications ... #msk #pathophysiology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... ligaments First stage ... side) Second Stage ... movement) Third Stage ... #staging #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... pain (shooting, stabbing ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations • Immune Complex Deposition - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Tract Infections: Complications ... urea which may cause ... urine -> Struvite stones ... Pathophysiology #Complications
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
exposed areas -> Scaring ... with keratotic scaling ... hair follicles -> causes ... signs #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #complications
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
hypercoagulable state ... causing localized stasis ... Hypercoagulable state ... -> Cherry-red spot ... retinal edema caused
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