The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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diagnosis signs symptoms diabetes retinopathy sle 21hydroxylasedeficiency 21ohd acute caudaequina chronic closedangle diabetic diabeticketoacidosis dka erythematosus genetics glaucoma glftap hypertensive
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations • Immune Complex Deposition - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous ... Subacute cutaneous lupus ... hair follicles -> causes ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Mild Non-proliferative DR • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Headaches • Nausea ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Paget’s Disease: Complications Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications ... Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... bone formation MSK ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
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