The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
Anterior Shoulder ... • Humeral head anterior ... Dislocation #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Hypertension Stage ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
clinical findings • Anterior ... Cord Syndrome -> Anterior ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs ... #stages #staging ... #msk
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... thus have shallow anterior ... damage & blindness Signs ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
hypercoagulable state ... -> Cherry-red spot ... retinal edema caused ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Otitis Media -> Stage ... postauricular crease • Inferior ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
days long) • Starts ... feed back on the anterior ... , progesterone causes ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... bone formation MSK ... Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs