Lakshmi Ramanuja @lak2020
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diagnosis differential causes table pharmacology signs algorithm cardiology chf clinical comparison endocrinology heartfailure hypercalcemia management medications oncology pediatrics peds symptoms
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous stimulation of thyrotropin receptor by circulating autoantibodies -> Increased iodination of thyroglobulin, Thyroid gland hyperplasia Note: B & T lymphocytes also attack other thyroid antigens (thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, Na-I Symporter) but is believed to play little role in the etiology Signs/Symptoms: - Pretibial myxedema - Fat pad: proptosis - Muscle: diplopia - Conjunctiva: conjunctivitis - Decr TSH - Goiter -> Hoarseness, Dysphagia, Thyroid gland bruit #GravesDisease #pathophysiology #endocin #endocrinology #symptoms #signs #diagnosis
Clinical Examination of the Patient with Diabetes #Diabetes #DM #PhysicalExam #Diagnosis #Signs #Examination
Clinical Examination of the Patient with Diabetes #Diabetes #DM #PhysicalExam #Diagnosis #Signs #Examination
Polycystic Kidney Disease - Clinical Signs and Symptoms #ADPKD #Polycystic #Kidney #Disease #Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Polycystic Kidney Disease - Clinical Signs and Symptoms #ADPKD #Polycystic #Kidney #Disease #Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Causes of Arm Pain - Differential Diagnosis by Location #Arm #Pain #Differential #Diagnosis #Causes #UpperExtremity
Causes of Arm Pain - Differential Diagnosis by Location #Arm #Pain #Differential #Diagnosis #Causes #UpperExtremity
Common Medications Known to Prolong QTc Antiarrhythmics - Amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, quinidine, dronedarone, dofetilide Vasopressors/inotropes - Epinephrine, norepinephrine,
Common Medications Known to Prolong QTc Antiarrhythmics - Amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, quinidine, dronedarone, dofetilide Vasopressors/inotropes - Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine Neuroleptics - Haloperidol, droperidol, chlorpromazine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, paliperidone, clozapine, aripiprazole Antidepressants - Amitriptyline, nortriptyline citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine Antibiotics - Macrolides, quinolones, metronidazole, cotrimoxazole GI prokinetics - Domperidone, cisapride, metoclopramide Antiemetics - Ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, promethazine Antifungals - Fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole Antivirals - Foscarnet, amantadine, atazanavir, nelfinavir, rilpivirine, ritonavir, saquinavir, telaprevir Antiparasitics - Chloroquine, mefloquine, quinine, hydroxychloroquine, pentamidine Antihistaminics - Terfenadine, hydroxyzine, diphenhydramine Others - Cocaine, lithium, methadone, tamoxifen, vardenafil, tacrolimus, pseudoephedrine #QTc #Prolongation #Medications #Causes #differential #diagnosis #pharmacology #table
Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis #Pulmonary #Fibrosis #Causes #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis #Pulmonary #Fibrosis #Causes #Differential #Diagnosis
Drugs for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors • Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline,
Drugs for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors • Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Vilazodone • Anxiety and depression disorders • Obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD • SERT selective; little effect on NET • Vilazodone also acts as 5HTIA partial agonist Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors • Venlafaxine, Desvenlafaxine, Duloxetine, Milnacipran, Levomilnacipran • Anxiety and depression, ADHD, autism, fibromyalgia, PTSD, menopause symptoms • Inhibitors of SERT and NET Tricyclic Antidepressants Amitriptyline, Clomipramine, Doxepin, Imipramine, Trimipramine, Nortriptyline, Maprotiline, Protriptyline, Desipramine, Amoxapine • Block SERT, NET, a1, H1 and M1 receptors • Major depression Atypical Antipsychotics • Aripiprazole, Brexpiprazole, Lurasidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone • Resistant major depression and psychotic disorders • Schizophrenia • Bipolar depression Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Isocarboxazid, Phenelzine, Selegiline, Tranylcypromine • Inhibit MAOA and MAOB to prevent NE, DA, and 5HT breakdown • Major depression disorders resistant to other antidepressants Atypical Antidepressants • Bupropion, Trazodone, Nefazodone, Mirtazapine, Mianserin, Vortioxetine • Depression • Smoking cessation (bupropion) • Insomnia (low-dose trazodone) #Depression #Anxiety #Disorders #Medications #Table #Pharmacology #Management
Back to the "10 Need to Know" series - Drug Therapeutic Target Levels. For lithium, target
Back to the "10 Need to Know" series - Drug Therapeutic Target Levels. For lithium, target levels vary depending on treatment indication. Therapeutic range for digoxin in heart failure is lower (0.5 - 0.8 ng/mL) due to an increased risk of mortality at a higher level. *For Educational Purposes Only* #DrugLevels #Therapeutic #Ranges #Toxicology #Pharmacology #Diagnosis #Table #Monitoring
Brain tumors in children – clinical features and common presentations by location- #Common #Brain #Tumors #Cancer
Brain tumors in children – clinical features and common presentations by location- #Common #Brain #Tumors #Cancer #Pediatrics #Presentations #Diagnosis #Peds #Pediatrics #Oncology
Diagnosis of active multiple myeloma is not just CRAB; it's actually "SLiM CRAB" @Majorajay & @Vincentrk #MultipleMyeloma
Diagnosis of active multiple myeloma is not just CRAB; it's actually "SLiM CRAB" @Majorajay & @Vincentrk #MultipleMyeloma #CRAB #SLIMCRAB #Oncology #HemeOnc #Hematology #PlasmaCell #Hypercalcemia #Anemia #Clinical #Diagnosis
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