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Hyperaldosteronism - Etiologies of Mineralocorticoid Excess Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, High Aldosterone) - Aldosterone-secreting tumor - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Secondary Hyperaldosteronism (High Renin, High Aldosterone) - Renovascular disease - Renin-secreting tumor Pseudohyperaldosteronism (Normal or Low Renin, Normal or Low Aldosterone) - Cushing’s syndrome - Exogenous mineralocorticoids Dr. Eric Strong https://twitter.com/DrEricStrong #Hyperaldosteronism #Differential #Diagnosis #Renin #Aldosterone #Comparison #Table

Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism, Salt water intake, Iatrogenic - Normovolemic hypernatremia - DI, Central Dl, Partial DI, Gestational DI, Nephrogenic DI, Hypodipsia - Renal hypovolemic hypernatremia - Osmotic diuretic, Loop diuretics, Postobstructive diuresis - Extrarenal hypovolemic hypernatremia - Vomiting, Diarrhea, GI fistulas, Sweating, Burns #Hypernatremia #Classification #Features #Diagnosis #Comparison #Table #Nephrology

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies (CRRT) - Comparison - Continuous Veno-venous Hemofiltration (CVVH) utilizes convection. Replacement fluid is administered to maintain euvolemia and dilute the plasma concentration of solutes not present in the replacement fluid (i.e. urea nitrogen, creatinine). - Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodialysis (CVVHD) utilizes diffusion and convection. Replacement fluid is not used in CVVHD. - Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) uses a combination of convection and diffusion. Replacement fluid is also used to maintain euvolemia as in CVVH. Samira Farouk, MD, MS, FASN @ssfarouk #Continuous #Renal #Replacement #Therapies #CRRT #Comparison #Nephrology

Insulin and analogues onset of action, peak times and duration. Follow at www.instagram.com/rxnotes for more! #pharmacology #table #comparison #dosing #insulin #diabetes #medications #halflife #onset #duration #timing #timeline

Vasopressors Table Rough properties by Target Receptor, Heart Rate/Inotropy, Systemic Vascular Resistance, Cardiac Output, Blood Pressure, Pulmonary Vascular Resistance, Main Uses, Peripheral Safety Inodilators: - Dobutamine 2-20 mcg/kg/min - Milrinone 0.375-0.75 mcg/kg/min - Isoproterenol 2-10 mcg/min Pure Vasopressors: - Vasopressin 0.01-0.06 u/min - Phenylephrine 40-180 mcg/min Inopressors - Norepinephrine 0-40 mcg/min - Epinephrine 0-20 mcg/min - Dopamine, low 1-4 mcg/kg/min - Dopamine, medium 4-10 mcg/kg/min - Dopamine, high 10-20 mcg/kg/min Internet Book of Critical Care @iBookCC #Vasopressors #Properties #Table #Pharmacology #Effect #Management #Comparison #Inotropes

COVID-19 Clinical Course and Progression - Survivors vs Non-Survivors UCSF Grand Rounds March 20 2020 #Course #Progression #Timeline #Diagnosis #ICU #Symptoms #Signs #Survivors #Comparison #COVID19

THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY (TEG) General Principle • A small cuvette is rotated to simulate sluggish venous flow and stimulate clot formation. • The resistance to rotation due to the mass of the clot is measured, which allows the kinetics of clot formation to be assessed. • This provides information about clot formation and breakdown, and also reflects problems with coagulation cascade and platelet function. • This is displayed graphically as time (min) versus thromboelasticity (in mm). Explaining the numbers • R - reaction time - latency until clot formation begins as defined by an amplitude of 2 mm • K - K value - time from the end of R until the clot reaches 20mm – reflects speed of initial clot formation • α - alpha angle - the angle tangent to the curve at K • MA - maximum amplitude - reflects total clot strength • Lysis time (LY30) - % lysis after 30 min - reflects the fibrinolysis stage of clot development Nick Mark MD @nickmmark #TEG #Thromboelastogram #Thromboelastography #Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare #Hematology #Interpretation

Managing Pain, Anxiety and Delirium in the ICU Nick Mark MD @nickmmark #Pain #Anxiety #Delirium #CriticalCare #Comparison #Management #Diagnosis #ICU

NSAIDs and GI versus CV risk Follow www.instagram.com/rxnotes for more! #pharmacology #comparison #cardiology #gi #nsaids #pain #medications #management #riskfactors

Characteristics of Serotonin Syndrome and Other Hyperthermic Syndromes Serotonin Syndrome - SSRIs, second-generation antidepressants, MAOIs, linezolid, tramadol, meperidine, fentanyl, ondansetron, sumatriptan - Hypertension, hyperreflexia, tremor,clonus, hyperthermia, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea, mydriasis, agitation Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - D2-blocking antipsychotics - Acute severe parkinsonism; hypertension, hyperthermia, normal or reduced bowel sounds; onset over 1-3 days Malignant hyperthermia - Volatile anesthetics, succinylcholine - Hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, hypertension, tachycardia; onset within minutes #Hyperthermic #Syndromes #Diagnosis #Comparison #Table #Serotonin