Algorithms in Medicine @MatthewHoMD
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Matthew Ho, MD PhD https://twitter.com/MatthewHoMD
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Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Non-renal losses: • GI ... vomiting) • Low ... Algorithm #nephrology #low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypovolemic (H2O loss): GI ... • Euvolemic (Low
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Labs: Ferritin, iron, transferrin, TIBC, TSAT, sTfR

 • Blood loss:
• Blood loss: GI ... Pregnancy, Lactation, Low
Upper GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Upper GI bleed Suspected: Melena, hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, BRBPR
Initial Stabilization
Concern for
Upper GI Bleed - ... Algorithm Upper GI ... Disease Consult GI ... Causes of Upper GI ... MatthewHoMD #Upper #GI
Lower GI Bleed - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

 • Structural: Diverticulosis, Hemorrhoids, Post-polypectomy, Polyps & malignancy, Anal
Lower GI Bleed - ... MatthewHoMD #Lower #GI
Approach to the Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidism - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

 • Secondary Hyperthyroidism (↑↔TSH,
Graves disease • Low ... Iodine Scan - Low
Lower GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Suspected lower GI bleeding (LGIB):
 • Hematochezia 
 • Melena +
Lower GI Bleed - ... Suspected lower GI ... Rule out upper GI ... MatthewHoMD #Lower #GI
Additional Modalities for Workup of GI Bleed (Other than EGD + Colonoscopy)

Pill endoscopy
 • Able to
for Workup of GI ... MatthewHoMD #GI