23 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... basement membrane disease ... - Alport syndrome ... → Diagnostic of ... of glomerular disease
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
granulomatosis - microscopic ... Churg-Strauss syndrome ... induced by chronic ... Vasculitis #Vessels #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology #Diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... variety of acute and chronic ... kidney diseases ... #Urine #Microscopy ... interpretation #diagnosis
Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Steatorrhea
 - Maldigestive
    • Pancreatic Insufficiency
 - Primary
Chronic Diarrhea ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Cancer • Microscopic ... with TTG) • Chronic
Causes of Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis
Osmotic
 • Food/Drink: Lactose intolerance, Artificial sweeteners (e.g. sorbitol, high
Causes of Chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Secretory: • Microscopic ... #Diarrhea #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Minimal change disease
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... Advanced kidney disease ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Inflammatory Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Monoarticular
 • Gout (Podagra, Tophi)
 • Pseudogout
 • Early
- Differential Diagnosis ... Sicca) Syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA)/microscopic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Orthopedics #Causes
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
• Sjögren syndrome ... connective tissue disease ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... Antineutrophil #antibodies #diagnosis ... #rheumatology #diseases
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Marrow Failure • Chronic ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... abnormal under the microscope ... abnormal under a microscope ... #diagnosis #hematology