12 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... microscopic and
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... at least 50% Renal ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... : (AKI, proteinuria ... • Urine: UA, Urine ... hematuria, RBC casts ... #diagnosis #management
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Differential #Microscopy
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... polyangiitis without renal
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... #Summary #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... + myoglobin AKI ... Cast formation:
Approach to Microscopic Hematuria 

Microscopic hematuria is often incidental but may be associated with urologic malignancy.
Approach to Microscopic ... RBC's, cellular casts ... properly collected urine ... with cystoscopy & renal ... #diagnosis #management