18 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Investigations: full blood ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... syndrome: troponin
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... sediment Microscopic ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... microscopic and ... #urine #blood
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... Glomerulonephritis or vasculitis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... : (AKI, proteinuria ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
• Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... vasculitis - MPO ... antibodies #diagnosis #rheumatology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
renal abnormalities ... ): • Microscopic ... often causes arthritis ... Dx: GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... : • White blood ... used with normal renal ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Cryoglobulinemia Summary

Cryoglobulins:
 • Cryoglobulins are Igs in the serum that precipitate in vitro at temperatures below
• They can cause ... Cryoglobulins Cause ... Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... - GPA, EGPA, microscopic ... classification #rheumatology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
skin that are caused ... abnormal under the microscope ... abnormal under a microscope ... abnormal under the microscope ... #diagnosis #hematology