28 results
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Acquired - Primary renal ... causes (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... Treatment is aimed ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... (if preserved renal ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... management #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
resistance Impaired Renal ... • Addison’s disease ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
3 months Pre-Renal ... Atheroemboli • Renal ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
• LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... oxidative injury Treatment ... Treatment of underlying ... disease 2. ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Hypokalemia ... progressive kidney disease ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
post-hypothermia • ↓ Renal ... Excretion: - Renal ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... edema - SPS ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypermagnesemia
Increased magnesium load
 - Magnesium-containing laxatives, antacids, or enemas
 - Treatment of pre-edampsia/eclampsia (mothers
or enemas - Treatment ... Rhabdomyolysis Increased renal ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... insufficiency (Addison's disease
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Cancer Related • Hypercalcemia ... LC deposition disease ... gammopathy of renal ... malignancies Treatment ... Classification #Nephrology
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
Minimal Change Disease ... hyporenin hypoaldo, hyperkalemic ... and decreased renal ... blood flow: Pre renal ... KidneyDisease #nephrology