12 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid ... #Calcitonin #Calcitriol ... #PTH #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid gland ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
PTH: • Elevated Calcitriol ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Mediastinal Mass:
 • Thymus (Thymoma, carcinoma, hyperplasia, cyst)
 • Lymphoma
 •
Differential Diagnosis Anterior ... Intrathoracic thyroid, Parathyroid ... Tumors • Vascular Mases ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #anterior
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... by Clinical Cause ... hormone with parathyroid ... #Hypocalcemia #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Sellar / Pituitary Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adenoma - Primary Anterior Pituitary
 - Secreting
Adenoma - Primary Anterior ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
feedback on the anterior ... and release LH causes ... pathophysiology #Ovulation #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... not always) the anterior ... Headaches • Nausea ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Hyperdefecation • Anterior ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... #differential #endocrinology