68 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid ... #Calcitonin #Calcitriol ... #PTH #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... adenoma, Parathyroid ... hyperplasia, Parathyroid ... diseases, Idiopathic calcitriol ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypoparathyroidism • Parathyroid ... Decreased synthesis of calcitriol ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
- Differential Diagnosis ... PTH: • Elevated Calcitriol ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology ... Pathophysiology #Pathways #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis ... #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia

#Differential #Hypercalcemia #Diagnosis #Causes #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypophosphatemia

- Dr. Kenar Jhaveri @kdjhaveri

#hypophosphatemia #Causes #Differential #Diagnosis #endocrinology #algorithm
Causes of Hypophosphatemia ... hypophosphatemia #Causes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #endocrinology