174 results
Impact and Challenges With Vitamin D to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... - Suppresses SHPT ... - Suppresses SHPT ... VitaminD #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Indications for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • All patients with symptomatic PHPT
 • Serum calcium 1
Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... with symptomatic PHPT ... #Indications #PHPT ... endocrinology #management #Hyperparathyroidism
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
of renal bone disease ... for secondary hyperparathyroidism ... hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology ... #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic kidney disease ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hepatobiliary Disease ... NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism ... Comparison: • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... @DharSaty #Hyperparathyroidism ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–dependent Primary hyperparathyroidism ... type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous disease ... Other endocrine diseases ... immobilization, Jansen disease
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
toxicity • Paget's disease ... • Hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous disease
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... and 2A Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism ... Metastatic Bone Disease ... Granulomatous Disease ... Thyrotoxicosis • Paget's Disease
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... , infiltrative disease