61 results
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic kidney disease ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism ... Endocrinology #Differential
Impact and Challenges With Vitamin D to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... - Suppresses SHPT ... - Suppresses SHPT ... VitaminD #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Hepatobiliary Disease ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Chronic Kidney Disease ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
of renal bone disease ... for secondary hyperparathyroidism ... hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology ... #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
toxicity • Paget's disease ... • Hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous disease ... Electrocardiogram #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... Granulomatous disease ... Other endocrine diseases ... immobilization, Jansen disease ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... , infiltrative disease ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... Metastatic Bone Disease ... Granulomatous Disease ... Hypercalcemia #Differential
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism ... Skeletal metastatic disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... Hypercalcemia #Differential
Hypocalcemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Magnesium deficiency
 - Hypoparathyroidism 
 - Hypoalbuminemia (Pseudohypocalcemia)
 - Vitamin D
Hypocalcemia Differential ... deficiency - Hypoparathyroidism ... chronic kidney disease ... endocrinology #differential