11 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... - Strong Medicine ... #nephrology #interpretation
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
- Interpretation ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... - Strong Medicine ... #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... cell/white cell casts ... nervous system (stroke ... urine sediment ... #syndrome #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat injury, Heat stroke ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... Hematuria: • Stone ... #Hematuria #Differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat iniury, Heat stroke ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
algorithm for hypokalemia ... continued in most cases ... ; interpretation ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology