45 results
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap ... Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Pancreatic/Biliary drainage ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #NAGMA #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... ABG And BMP Normal ... 0.4-0.8 Normal ... acidosis Step 5 - Differential ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Vomiting, nasogastric drainage ... High-volume ileostomy drainage ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... alkalosis - Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect) • Normal ... salicylate poisoning • Normal ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Cervical Lymphadenopathy - Lymph Node Drainage
Preauricular nodes - Drain scalp, skin
 • Differential diagnosis: Scalp infections,
Lymphadenopathy - Lymph Node Drainage ... scalp, skin • Differential ... nodes - Drain oral ... cavity • Differential ... Lymphadenopathy #Nodes #Drainage
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
Causes of Metabolic ... and Non-Gap - Differential ... Gain of H+) • Normal ... NonGap #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Levels: > 50x normal ... Thrombosis 5-10x normal ... muscle 2-5x normal ... NASH, Genetic / Metabolic ... transaminitis #differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect Normal ... salicylate poisoning Normal ... In a normal gap ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketone bodies are a normal ... metabolic energy ... Starvation ketosis - normal ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... Disorders #ketones #differential