2843 results
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Immune-Mediated • Warm AIHA ... • Cold AIHA ... • Drug-induced AIHA ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... screening 3) TREAT AIHA
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... Extravascular #Causes
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Anemia Intrinsic Causes ... elliptocytosis Extrinsic Causes ... Hypersplenism • AIHA ... Intravascular Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... atheroembolic, AIHA
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
• Drugs • AIH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA ... Table Warm AIHA ... Disease Mixed-type AIHA ... DAT-negative AIHA ... Hemolytic #Anemia #AIHA
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA ... ) WARM AHA - ... alpha-methyldopa COLD AHA ... Hemolytic #Anemia #AIHA
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA ... - Warm vs Cold AIHA ... Warm AIHA: - 70% ... spherocytes Cold AIHA ... BrighamMedRes #AIHA
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA ... Treatment Warm AIHA ... azathioprine Cold AIHA ... BrighamMedRes #AIHA ... Hemolytic #Anemia #AIHA