41 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid → renal salt ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus Excessive salt ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Hypernatremia #Management ... #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Algorithm for the diagnosis of hyponatremia.

If you start with the osmolalities, urinary sodium etc first and
Algorithm for the diagnosis ... If you start with ... osmolalities, urinary sodium ... make a correct diagnosis ... Algorithm #Osmolality #management
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... tablets: • Start ... promoting passive sodium ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
osmostat, Cerebral salt ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
losses, Cerebral salt ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
The Urine / Plasma Electrolyte Ratio - Guide to Fluid Restriction in Hyponatremia
 • U/P Ratio
1 → FR < 1000 mL ... 0.5-1 → FR < 800 mL ... 1 → FR < 1200 mL ... #Hyponatremia #diagnosis ... #management #nephrology