38 results
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
Laboratory #Metabolism #ASTALT ... #AlkPhos #Bilirubin ... #Hepatology #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Maculopapular - Diagnostic ... Algorithm Pathophysiology ... fluid-filled lesions may start ... - Pathophysiology ... Immunocompromised #Diagnosis
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... and iron release Diagnosis ... Ferritin <100 ng/mL ... Ferritin 100-299 ng/mL ... #heartfailure #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... autosomal recessive salt-losing ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
joints, esp carpal, MCP ... on joints can mal-align ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
Multiple myeloma, CML ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... concentrations > 5 μg/mL ... anaerobic metabolism Diagnosis ... Toxicity #Toxicology #Diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Exercise capacity Diagnosis ... Ferritin < 100 ng/mL ... Ferritin 100 - 299 ng/mL ... #pharmacology #pathophysiology