52 results
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... and iron release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Corpuscular Volume (MCV ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Diagnostic Framework ... Microcytic" • Iron deficiency ... , Folate deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #hematology
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Reticulocytes • Iron Deficiency ... • B12/Folate Deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... RBC>13 • Iron Deficiency ... Malabsorption, Dietary Deficiency ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of B12 deficiency. 

This great diagram shows normal absorption and outlines most possible causes. At
Causes of B12 deficiency ... most possible causes ... the top is a B12-deficient ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
cytokines Common causes ... malignancy - Immune deficiency ... (STAT 3, DOCK8) ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... Multiple myeloma, CML ... Primary carnitine deficiency ... #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... Symptoms: • Salt ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... Administer 250 mcg ... endocrinology #diagnosis