10 results
Oral anti-hypertensives with relative fast onset of action (Hypertensive Emergency)

The key concern with oral antihypertensive agents
you're up-titrating medications ... allow one dose of medication ... #medications #FastOnset ... #Pharmacology #Table ... #BloodPressure
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
Contraindications to Antihypertensive ... hyperkalemia (ACEI, ARB, diabetes ... failure - Co-medication ... Xerostomia #antihypertensive ... #table #bloodpressure
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Inpatient Medication Guide

Classes: Biguanide, Sulfonylurea, TZD, DPP-4 inhibitor, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2i,
Diabetes Mellitus ... Type 2 Inpatient Medication ... Guide Classes ... DM2 #Inpatient #Medications ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Water Central Diabetes ... disorders Nephrogenic Diabetes ... in kidneys) - Medications ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
depletion - Medication ... disease • Diabetes ... Alcohol blackout - Medication ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... doses of three antihypertensive ... with previously stable ... Causes: • Vascular ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... DDAVP) • Central diabetes ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Risk Factors for Septic Arthritis
Contiguous spread

Skin infection, cutaneous ulcers

Direct inoculation

Previous intraarticular injection

Prosthetic joint: early and delayed
early and delayed (Table ... Hematogenous spread Diabetes ... Immunosuppressive medication9 ... Osteoarthritis Other cause ... Prosthetic joint: late (Table
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Severe anemia • Clues ... Retinopathy • Clues ... neuropathy (e.g., diabetic ... Contributing Factors • Medications ... : Sedatives, antihypertensives