40 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... iron release Diagnosis ... improvement in symptoms ... #management #cardiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Screening Testing ... of hypokalemia and ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #table
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
Constitutional symptoms ... • Immunologic Workup ... Discontinuation of causal ... sle #comparison #table ... #rheumatology #diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... are not caused ... at the time of diagnosis ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
arrest where other causes ... as a possible cause ... as patient is stable ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
role obligations (work ... , tachycardia, nausea ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... intralobular bile ducts causes ... Symptoms: • 50 ... Differential Diagnosis ... #workup #hepatology