19 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
and Left Atrial ... (a4c) Mitral ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... #Thrombus #a4c ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #differential #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Physiologic Causes ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Mitral Regurgitation ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... mitral regurgitation ... #Mitral #Regurgitation
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Causes of Ischemic ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... Prosthetic valve • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus ... Non-atherosclerotic: Arterial
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Infection: Infective Endocarditis ... Aortic Aneurysms and ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
“cannon waves” caused ... ‘v’ wave with mitral ... regurgitation). ... Success of mitral ... Interpretation #Diagnosis #Cardiology