12 results
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... • Prosthetic valve ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... Aortic Aneurysms and ... #Causes #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential Diagnosis ... sclerosis (both heart valve ... of developing atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
wide-complex tachycardia: bundle ... cardioversion 2. ... Mechanical heart valve ... Fibrillation #AFib #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Small secundum ASD ... to right shunt 2. ... #cardiology #clinical ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Echocardiogram (a4c ... Mitral valve doesn ... aneurysm idiopathic. 2. ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #Diagnosis #cardiology