18 results
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
and Left Atrial ... (a4c) Mitral ... #Atrial #Thrombus ... #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Minor: • < 25% stenosis ... non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... , PFO, ASD, h/o ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... • Prosthetic valve ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... Mitral annulus valve ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... of developing atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... thrombus - When ... #differential #cardiology
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... Infection: Infective Endocarditis ... Aortic Aneurysms and ... Diagnosis #Causes #cardiology
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Valvular: Mitral stenosis ... , Prosthetic valve ... • Endocarditis ... Structural: myxoma, thrombus ... Non-atherosclerotic: Arterial
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #management #cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
thrombus • Digoxin ... TEE to exclude thrombus ... severe mitral stenosis ... Mechanical heart valve ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
RV), tricuspid valve ... tricuspid/pulmonic stenosis ... wave with mitral regurgitation ... Success of mitral valve ... Interpretation #Diagnosis #Cardiology