10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... fever, Infective endocarditis ... annulus valve: Dilated ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Prolapse • Dilated ... Ventricle/Annulus • Dilated ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #causes
Causes of Dilated Cardiomyopathy DCMP - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic DCMP: Viral, Inflammatory cardiomyopathy, Genetic causes, Unknown
Causes of Dilated ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Idiopathic DCMP: Viral ... arteritis #Dilated ... #Causes #cardiology
CHF - Left-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Valvular Disease (Preserved Diastolic/Systolic Function)
 • Mitral Stenosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Regurgitation Dilated ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... calcification - Age-related ... disease Infective endocarditis ... #differential #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Nonischemic MR: Dilated ... results in MR from dilated ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... Regurgitation • Colon ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
Giant dilated left ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Septic emboli cause ... Treat underlying cause ... Regurgitation • Colon ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... acceleration starts (by colour ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c