13 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Ebstein's Anomaly ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Regurgitation Primary ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... primary mitral regurgitation ... mitral regurgitation ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... #Causes #Primary
Cardiac Findings in Sarcoidosis
Most Commonly Affected Sites:
 - LV free wall (esp. basal posterior wall)
 -
regurgitation due ... to primary thickening ... of leaflets - Mitral ... #Sarcoidosis #Cardiology ... #Involvement #diagnosis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #cardiology
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
• Malignancy: Primary ... • Valvular (Mitral ... stenosis or regurgitation ... , Tricuspid endocarditis ... #pulmonary #causes
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #cardiology
Double Orifice Mitral Valve in a young M w/ chest pain. Rare congenital anomaly of subvalvular
Rare congenital anomaly ... can result in regurgitation ... stenosis (not the case ... sinus venosus ASD ... MitralValve #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... regurgitation ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Marantic: Emboli > Regurgitation ... #cardiology #infectiousdiseases
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... of tricuspid regurgitation ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c