15 results
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... disease: Most common cause ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... #Functional #Differential
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
on Echocardiogram ... (a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #a4c #Echocardiogram
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... valve replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
of developing atrial ... mmHg developed atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... CTD (SLE) - Viral ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential ... #nonpalpable #dermatology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber View

RCM is a disease of diastole —> severe
Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram ... Though this case ... might look like asd ... An ASD with atria ... #cardiology #a4c
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Rash - Differential ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Microscopic) - Viral ... #dermatology #physicalexam
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Effect in Right Atrium ... - Differential ... Small secundum ASD ... cardiology #clinical #echocardiogram ... #s4c #pocus #bubble