14 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... cardiomyopathy - VA Joint ... Regurgitation #differential ... diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Infectious Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Polyarticular Join Pain
 • Viral Myalgia
 • Viral Arthritis
Infectious Joint ... Pain - Differential ... Polyarticular Join ... Infection • Endocarditis ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Myositis and Myopathies
Polymyositis 
 • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness 
 • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2
Dermatomyositis
muscle weakness, rash ... , Fever, No muscle ... Detectable HIV viral ... uncommon 5-15% of lupus ... Myopathies #myopathy #differential
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... Acute bacterial endocarditis ... Non-Infectious Causes ... - Temperature Pulse ... #Patterns #Differential
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Autoimmune Vasculitis (lupus
Top 10 situations when to think about lupus
1) Inflammatory joint pain (especially in the wrists and
) Inflammatory joint ... everywhere) 2) A rash ... the face (many differential ... ; sometimes « viral ... 9) Unexplained fever
Extra-articular and Other Conditions Associated with Joint Pain

Eyes
  • Iritis or uveitis - Spondyloarthropathies, Sarcoidosis,
Associated with Joint ... Subacute bacterial endocarditis ... - Bacterial endocarditis ... Diminished peripheral pulses ... #pain #differential
Approach to Joint Pain - Diagnostic Framework

1) Chronicity
2) Inflammatory vs Non-Inflammatory
3) Number of Joints Involved

1) Chronicity:
acute rheumatic fever ... spondyloarthropathies, lupus ... Like in this case ... • Acute = Viral ... approach #workup #differential
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Arthritis: • Joint ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... to: Arthritis, Fever
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers