9 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... cardiomyopathy - VA Joint ... Regurgitation #differential
Infectious Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Polyarticular Join Pain
 • Viral Myalgia
 • Viral Arthritis
Infectious Joint ... Pain - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Polyarticular Join ... Infection • Endocarditis
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Features of Systemic Lupus ... (SLE) General: Fever ... Photosensitivity, Butterfly rash ... Pericarditis, Endocarditis ... , Aortic valve lesions
Myositis and Myopathies
Polymyositis 
 • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness 
 • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2
Dermatomyositis
muscle weakness, rash ... , Fever, No muscle ... Detectable HIV viral ... uncommon 5-15% of lupus ... Myopathies #myopathy #differential
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Autoimmune Vasculitis (lupus
Top 10 situations when to think about lupus
1) Inflammatory joint pain (especially in the wrists and
) Inflammatory joint ... everywhere) 2) A rash ... the face (many differential ... ; sometimes « viral ... 9) Unexplained fever
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Arthritis: • Joint ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... Cytopenias • Cardiac valve
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers ... #Endocarditis #Differential