11 results
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
(a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... #Diagnosis #cardiology ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Diagnosis Acute ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... , Rheumatic Fever ... , Salmonella), Giant ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
non-culprit vessels • Atrial ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Artery #Embolism #diagnosis ... #differential # ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... of developing atrial ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #causes #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... #Endocarditis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology