10 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... in the proximal tubule ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Appropriately Low Kidney ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... Cystinuria - Amino acid ... Liddle syndrome ... Inherited #Defects #Kidney ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... #nephrology #causes
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... , CA Inh., Osmotic ... #phosphate #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
in the distal tubule ... Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... sedation, narcotics, CVA ... #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
Entering VA was ... An APD was noted ... the hospital, diagnosed ... #PhysicalExam # ... ophthalmology #neurology