14 results
nephrology diagnosis causes algorithm management hypernatremia polyuria sodium hypokalemia table acidosis aniongap ckd classification defects diuretics epithelial excretion gitelman hemodialysis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... perspiration Renal ... • Osmotic diuresis ... diabetes insipidus ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... insipidus • Kidney ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Insipidus • Nephrogenic ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
of Polyuria - Differential ... /min) Osmotic Diuresis ... Recovery from Acute Renal ... Insipidus - DDAVP ... #Nephrology #Differential
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus: - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Acquired - Primary renal ... Treatment is aimed ... at the psychiatric ... #Diabetes #Insipidus ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
of Polyuria - Differential ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Nephrogenic DI (Renal
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... Epithelial Cells Renal ... ATPase Nephrogenic diabetes ... insipidus - Vasopressin ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... of diabetic ketoacidosis ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
The differential ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes ... Insipidus: neurogenic
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