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Causes of Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework 
Pre-Renal
Post-Renal
Intrinsic Renal:
 • Tubules (ATN)
 • Glomerular:
Kidney Injury - Differential ... : • Tubules (ATN ... Interstitium (AIN ... KidneyInjury #Causes #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
- Prerenal - ATN ... - AIN - UTI ... table #comparison #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... C3/C4, Other • ATN ... Pigment, Protein) • AIN ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
Renal Disease - Differential ... Athero-embolic, HTN ... Ischemia-induced: ATN ... Renal #Disease #nephrology ... #differential #
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
resistance to ADH) • ATN ... SG fixed at ~1.010 ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Liano 1996) - ATN ... CKD— 13% (mostly ATN ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Algorithm #Causes #Differential
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

This primitive reflex found in newborn babies that normally vanishes around 4
Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR ... #Fencing #ATNR ... clinical #video #Neurology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diuretic phase of ATN ... Hypomagnesemia #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Urinary Casts in the setting of renal disease
#Clinical #Nephro #Urine #Microscopy #Casts #Comparison #Chart #ATN #AIN
Comparison #Chart #ATN ... #AIN #Pyelonephritis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... interstitium • ATN ... contrast dye) • AIN ... #Injury #AKI #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology