137 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... of Macroscopic Hematuria ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... - Structural - Cysts ... Anticoagulation, Facititious hematuria ... #Hematuria #Differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... deposits - Post-infectious ... : - RBC casts ... : • Infection ... #Differential #
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... glomerulonephritis • Post-Infectious ... #Differential #
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria - Differential ... Bacteriuria & Hematuria ... Urinary Tract Infection ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... Urinary Tract Infection
Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections

 • Mycobacterium abscessus - Is the most pathogenic and the most likely
Mycobacterial Infections ... cause pulmonary infection ... other site of infection ... Reported cases associated ... Mycobacterium #diagnosis #differential
Summary of Infections in which Steroids play a role in treatment
 • TB meningitis
 • TB
Summary of Infections ... pericarditis (select cases ... (IRIS) (not an infection ... #Indications #infections ... #management #treatment
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... : Secondary to infections ... TheIDtrivia #Hematuria ... Renal #Transplant #differential ... #blood #urine #management
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Kidney Injury - Differential ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... #Injury #AKI #Differential