36 results
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... cortisol. 24-h urine ... resistant #Evaluation #workup
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Recent hypo/hypertension ... UOP/weights - Urine ... Liano 1996) - ATN ... CKD— 13% (mostly ATN ... and pre-renal)
Urinary Casts in the setting of renal disease
#Clinical #Nephro #Urine #Microscopy #Casts #Comparison #Chart #ATN #AIN
the setting of renal ... Clinical #Nephro #Urine ... Comparison #Chart #ATN
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... - RenalUrine ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Secondary Causes of Hypertension ... taken at home, work ... Medications - Renal ... • Renal parenchymal ... and bilateral renal
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... differential, urine ... dipstick, urine ... blood culture, urine ... #Injury #AKI #Workup
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... WBCs, or urine ... → Urine culture ... Nephrology for renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
- Workup and Differential ... eg, presence of renal ... • Vascular: Renal ... Renal parenchymal ... #Workup #causes
Diagnostic Criteria for Scleroderma Renal Crisis 

1. New onset blood pressure >150/85 mm Hg OR increase
for Scleroderma Renal ... A decline in renal ... with accelerated hypertension ... Microscopic hematuria on urine ... blood cells on urine
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary Hypertension ... Common causes: • Renal ... test (with 24-h urine ... #Secondary #Hypertension ... Causes #Screening #Workup