54 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
Etiologies by Mechanism ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Etiologies by Mechanism ... Miscellaneous Mechanisms ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
Mechanisms of nephron ... in cardiorenal syndrome ... • Increased AVP ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Digoxin effect on Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside from the foxglove leaf
Mechanism
 - Inhibits Na-K
Electrocardiogram (EKG ... foxglove leaf Mechanism ... - Decreases AV ... nodal conduction Uses ... Electrocardiogram #EKG
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
Complications Continence mechanisms ... impairment Continence mechanisms ... irritable bowel syndrome ... mental conditions (e.g ... Incontinence #geriatrics #pathophysiology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms ... • Serotonin Syndrome ... SSRI Withdrawal Syndrome ... Dizziness - Nausea ... Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
AV block ... Medication side effect (e.g ... Subclavian steal syndrome ... Classification #Table ... #Causes
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms ... Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea ... Vomiting Serotonin Syndrome ... gain Incr NE: Nausea ... SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology