13 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... microscopic and ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Amyloidosis) ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Differential
Macroglossia in Light-Chain Amyloidosis- Physical examination revealed macroglossia, with indentations from the teeth (Panel A)...A biopsy
in Light-Chain Amyloidosis ... under polarized microscopy ... In primary systemic ... well-recognized cause ... AL #lightchain #NEJM
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... calcium Optional: urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Differential ... test (with 24-h urine ... or MRI scan of abdomen ... #Hypertension #Differential
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Causes of Adrenal ... Insufficiency - Differential ... ACTH-Independent (Primary ... Granulomatous Disease, Amyloidsis ... #endocrinology
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
: • Primary amyloid ... dissociation in urine ... hypoadrenalism • Nausea ... : • UPEP with Urine ... polarized light microscopy
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... White blood cell - Urinary ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Differential
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... → Primary hyperpara ... FHH — check the urine ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology