12 results
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
volume depletion, abdominal ... , hyponatremia, ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... baseline ACTH - Secondary ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
R - Primary aldosteronism ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... especially thiazide diuretics ... suppression • Primary ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... stimulus to ADH • Pain ... especially thiazide diuretics ... suppression • Primary ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... water intake (Primary ... #differential # ... table #sodium #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
) w/ anorexia, abdominal ... AI, hyponatremia ... Hyperpigmentation is absent (low ... Causes of Secondary ... #Management #Endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
, Potassium depletion ... or secondary aldosteronism ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low