57 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... type 2 • Type 1 ... #nephrology #potassium
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid high ... high and uric acid ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Acid → SIADH - High ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 - Assess ... Hypernatremia #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... lactulose (peaks 1- ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia management algorithm 2023-2024 based on UKKA and KDIGO guidelines.

#hyperkalemia #electrolytes #algorithm #emergency #management

Notes:

(1) Up to
Notes: (1) ... ) I've added a potassium ... lowering drug (sodium ... (4) Due to high ... patients with potassium
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pathophysiology 1) ... this pump, those sodium ... intracellular sodium ... intracellular sodium ... Hyperkalemia (high
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... as necessary at 1- ... level teaspoons) 1- ... patients sensitive to high ... of aspiration #Potassium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... consciousness • No access ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
intake: • Lack of access ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high