387 results
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... intestinal calcium absorption ... and stimulates resorption ... kidney, Stimulates resorption ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
↑ intestinal absorption ... ↑ bone reabsorption ... ↑ tubular reabsorption ... ↓↓ tubular reabsorption ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
- Hormones and Pathophysiology ... Tract: ↑ Ca2+ absorption ... , ↑ PO4- absorption ... Tract: ↓ Ca2+ absorption ... Hypercalcemia #Hormones #Pathophysiology
The Pathophysiology of Fat Absorption and Causes of Malabsorption (steatorrhoea)

#Fat #Malabsorption #Pathophysiology #Differential #Steatorrhea #Diarrhea #Diagnosis
The Pathophysiology ... of Fat Absorption ... Malabsorption #Pathophysiology
Knee Examination
Right Knee - Examination maneuvers include the Lachman (ACL), anterior drawer (ACL), Lateral pivot shift,
meniscal integrity) tests ... McMurray #Drawer #Test ... #msk
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
on the Kidney - Pathophysiology ... • Increase Na reabsorption ... • Increase H2O absorption ... nephrology #Effects #pathophysiology
Chronic Shoulder Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
4 tests for the AC joint:
1. Direct palpation
2. Cross-arm shoulder
Diagnosis Algorithm 4 tests ... after cross-arm test ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #MSK
Lactulose: Mechanism of Action in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid → ↓ pH
relatively high absorption ... relatively low absorption ... ammonia #hepatology #pathophysiology
Oral Hypoglycemics in Diabetes Management
1  INSULIN SENSITIZER
 • TZD 
     -
Diabeta) 3 CARB ABSORPTION ... slows gut starch absorption ... tubule glucose reabsorption ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc
Clarke's Test (Patellar Grind Test)

Indicates Patellofemoral dysfunction.
 - Patient with knee in extension. Push posterior on
Clarke's Test (Patellar ... Grind Test) ... of patella then ask ... _ #Clarkes #Test ... Patellofemoral #msk