25 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Acute and chronic kidney ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... wasting from other causes ... causes • Laxative ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal ... Non-reabsorbable anions
Vancomycin Associated Acute Kidney Injury

 • Drug induced acute kidney injury is generally defined as a
Associated Acute Kidney ... induced acute kidney ... particularly underlying renal ... • Treatment includes ... Vancomycin #AKI #pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... stones caused by ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Vasopressors and Inotropes - Pharmacology Summary
Vasopressors
Phenylephrine (alpha-1)
 • Increases BP, SVR
 • Risk of reflex bradycardia
and Inotropes - Pharmacology ... • Higher doses cause ... antidiuretic effect at kidney ... 2 mcg/kg/min): renal ... cAMP/cGMP • Causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
sensitivity in kidneys ... hypokalemia - Various renal ... diseases (e.g. renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Treatment of underlying ... per day until stable ... Diagnosis #Management #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... with previously stable ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... Causes: • Vascular ... Renal parenchymal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
renal ischemia ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes ... #Kidney #stones