39 results
Selected Clinical Trials of SGLT2 inhibitors in CVD and CKD
EMPA-REG OUTCOME - Empagliflozin lowered CV events
lowered adverse kidney ... T2DM; first renal ... DAPA-CKD - Dapagliflozin ... lowered adverse kidney ... patients with CKD
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
effects on the Kidneys ... effects on the kidneys ... contribute to kidney ... patients have CKD ... Effects #Nephrology #Renal
Interpreting Kidney Biomarkers

↑ Creatinine: 
 • AKI, CKD
 • Medications that lead to nephroprotective ↓ in
Interpreting Kidney ... Creatinine: • AKI, CKD ... Cystatin C: • AKI, CKD ... #Biomarkers #Kidney ... #renal #diagnosis
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
and secondary adrenal ... nervous system symptoms ... Headache, visual symptoms ... Insufficiency #Signs #Symptoms ... #Addisons
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) - Diagnostic Criteria
HRS-AKI (Acute: previously known as HRS Type 1)
 • ↑ Creatinine
No structural kidney ... haematuria, Normal renal ... Type 2) • HRS-AKD ... other cause of kidney ... ascites • HRS-CKD
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... - Hx of AKI/CKD ... protein/Cr - Renal ... - 45% - Pre-renal ... 21% - AKI on CKD
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic Kidney ... Algorithm Decreased kidney ... 3 months Pre-Renal ... • Polycystic kidney ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
NSAIDs on the Kidney ... Prostaglandins on the Kidney ... is increased in CKD ... prolonged NSAID use in CKD ... Prostaglandins #NSAIDs #Kidney
Signs and symptoms of Chronic Kidney Failure (CKD)

#Signs #Symptoms #CKD #Chronic #Kidney #Disease #Nephrology
Signs and symptoms ... of Chronic Kidney ... Failure (CKD) ... #CKD #Chronic # ... Kidney #Disease
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Cortisol Deficiency: Symptoms ... Androgens: • Symptoms ... physical: - Symptoms ... insufficiency #addisons ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms