15 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... - diuretics EUVOLEMIC ... nephrotic syndrome • renal ... #Workup #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... #Workup #Algorithm
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... Identification of onset (acute ... cardiac, liver, renal ... #Hypovolemic #Euvolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... Pancreatitis, Trauma Euvolemia ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
- AKI Workup Algorithm ... urinary sediment, renal ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... Nephrology for renal ... #Algorithm #Workup
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
pancreas, biliary, renal ... orientation, Biopsy ... orientation): ... hypergammaglobulinemia, ↑ acute ... management #phenotypes #workup
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Base Disorders - Evaluation ... Ketoacidosis, Renal ... loss of bicarb, Renal ... GI loss of H+, Renal ... #workup #Differential
Non-ACS Myocardial Injury - Elevated Troponin Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

 • Chronic Myocardial Injury: End
Troponin Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup Algorithm ... Injury: End Stage Renal ... Distribution: Acute ... #Algorithm
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... Normal RBCs • Acute ... Reticulocytosis • Renal ... #Hematology