10 results
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
Echocardiogram (A4C ... & poor mitral valve ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #clinical #cardiology
Valvular vs Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation - Classification
Valvular:
 • Presence of moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis or artificial (mechanical)
vs Non-Valvular Atrial ... moderate-to-severe mitral ... mechanical) heart valve ... #Fibrillation #AFib ... Classification #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... endocarditis (vegetations ... )/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... #differential #cardiology
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Causes of Ischemic ... • Arrhythmias: Afib ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic valve ... Non-atherosclerotic: Arterial
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
(A-Fib) Summary ... control with early Afib ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Mechanical heart valve ... #Fibrillation #AFib
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... brain flow (VT/Vfib ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Vegetations seen ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... -mm left sided vegetations ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... commonest congenital cause ... associated with an atrial ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c